Machine for making bolts



Patented lune 6, |899.

B. l. D., nn A B B U H W w MACHINE FR MAKING` BOLTS.

(Ap'plictidn illld Dec. 18, 1898.)

5 Sheets--Sheet l.

(No Modal.)

fm; ucnms Pzrzns co. Pnoramrno., wAsmNmm. o c,

Patented lune 6, |899.

A No. 626,234.

w. w, HuBAnu, 1n. Asume run Mums nous.

(Appliation md Dec. 18, 1898.)

s sheets-shan 2.

(Nn Model.)

Nu. 626,234. Patented lune 6, |899. W. W. HUBBARD, 1n. MACHINE FOBMAKING BOLTS.

(Application led Dec. 13, 189B.)

5 Sheets-Sheet 3 (llo Modal.)

No. 626,234. Patented June 6, |899. W W HUBBARD, 1n MACHINE FOR MAKINGBLTS. (Applctionled Dec. 18, 1898,)

5 Sheets-Sheet 4.

(Nn Model.)

Patented lune 6, |899. W W HUBBARD, Jn. MACHINE FUR MAKING BULTS.

(Application led Dec. 13, 1898.)

5 Sheets-Sheet 5.

` (No Model.)

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MACHINE FOR MAKING BOLTS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters-Patent No. 626,234, dated June 6,1899.

Application tiled December 13,1898. Serial No. 699,123. (No model.)

To all 21171/0721, t may 0072.007172,.-

Be it known that LWILLIAM- W. HUBBARD, Jr., a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing in the city and county of Philadelphia, State ofPennsylvania, have invented a new and nse` ful Improvement in Machinesfor Making Bolts, which improvement is fully set forth in the followingspecification and accompanying drawings. i i i My invention relates toimprovements in machines for upsetting and heading bolts; and itconsists of means for firmly holding a bolt-blank in position when thesame is being operated upon by the upsetting device, thel hammers, andalso the finishing-punchf It also consists of means for imparting areciprocating motion to the carriage which conveys the bolt-blank towardthe mechanism for headingthe same and means for releasing the bolt-blankwhen the same has had a head formed thereon.

It also consists of means for raising and lowering `both the upsettingand the finishing punches, so as to bring each of these into theirproper positions at the required time.

It also consists of means for moving the np= setting and the finishingpunches to and from the bolt-blank and means for imparting areciprocating motion to the hammers which form the sides of thebolt-head.

It also consists of means for holding the tongs employed for feeding thebolt-blanks to the machine firmly in position Within the same during aportion of the time required for forming a head on the bolt-blank.

It further consists of means for adjusting certain portions of thecarriage to suit differ-j ent lengths of bolt-blanks. 4

It further consists of novel details of construction, all as will behereinafter fully set forth, and particularly pointed out in the claims.p

Figures 1 and l represent end elevations of a machine for upsetting andheading bolts embodying my invention, certain portions of Fig. 2 beingin section. Fig. 3 represents a side elevation of the machine. Fig. 4.represents a plan view of the same. Fig. 5 represents a sectional viewof certain portions of the machine, the section being taken on line m,Fig. 2. Fig. (l represents a partial side 4elevation and partialvertical section of certain portions of the machine, the section beingtaken through the center of the machine. Fig. 7 represents a sideelevation of certain of the parts seen in Figli. Fig. 8 represents aside elevation of the parts seen in Fig. 7, but

`in different positions from those seen in said Fig. 7. Fig. 9represents a partial side elevation and partial vertical section ofcertain of theparts seen in Fig. 6. Fig. 10 represents a horizontalsection on line/y 11], Fig. 9. Fig. 11 represents a transverse verticalscction of certain portions of the machine, the section being taken online .e e, Fig. el.. Fig. 12 represents a partial side elevation andpartial vertical section of certain det-ached parts, the latter being onan enlarged scale. Figs. 13, 14, and 15 represent side elevations ofcams employed in connection with` my invention. Fig. 13 represents aside elevation of a link employed. Fig. 16 represents a side elevation,on an enlarged scale, of a portion of the cam seen in Fig. 15. Fig. 17represents a side elevation of a bolt-blank. Fig. 18 represents a sideelevation of the bolt-blank seen in Fig.

17, but with one end thereof upset. Fig. 19 represents a side elevationof the bolt-blank seen in Fig. 17, but with one end thereof formed withafinished head. Fig. 2O represents a side elevation of a portion of abolt and illustrates the successive steps produced by the blowsdelivered on the head thereof bythe finishing-punch.

' Similarletters and gures ofreference indicate corresponding parts inthe figures.

Referring to the drawings, 1 designates the frame ofthe machine, inwhich is journaled the main driving-shaft 2, which may be driven `eitherby a belt passed around the balance- Wheel 3 on said shaft 2 or by apulley, clutch, or similar device mounted on an extension 4, (shown indotted lines in Fig. 4,) said exteir sion being continuolfb of the shaft2.

The shaft 2 has firmly secured thereon the cams 5 and 6, which impart anoscillating motion to the arms 7 and 8, respectively, which two latterare secured in any suitable man-v ner to an oscillating frame i),loosely mounted on the shaft 10, which latter is journaledin the frame 1of the machine, it being apparent that the motion imparted to the arms 7IOO and 8 by their cams 5 and 6 will be transmitted to said frame 9, soas to cause the latter to move toward and from a bolt-blank 11, placedin the machine, and for a purpose to be hereinafter described.

12 designates a cam firmly secured to the shaft 2, the 'object of saidcam being to impart a forwardmovement to a rod 13, (see moreparticularly Fig. 6,) so that its end 14 may exert pressure against theupset end 15 of the bolt-blank 11,l and thereby assist in removing saidupset end from the cavity 16 in the upsetting-punch 17, which latter maybe secured in any suitable manner to the oscillating frame 9.

18 and 19 designate eccentrics firmly secured to the shaft 2 andprovided with the straps 2O and 21, respectively, it beingnoted thatsaidstraps are each provided with sockets 22, (best seen in Fig. 12,)said sockets being adapted to receive the spherical ends 23 oftheeccentric-rods 24, it being noted that said eccentric-straps 2O and 21are each provided with two sockets 22. The spherical ends 23 of theeccentric-rods 24 are retained in position in the adjacenteccentric-straps bythe caps 25, as seen in Figs. 4 and 12.

26 designates a cam firmly secured to the shaft 2 and adapted to operatealink 27, (see Figs. 3, 4, and 13X,) so as to cause said link tov t movein the direction indicated by the arrow a in Figs. 3, 4, and 13 and fora purpose to be hereinafter described.

28 designates a cam firmly secured to the shaft 2 and adapted to causethe link 27 to move in a direction opposite to that indicated by thearrow a, in Figs. V3, 4, and 13 and for a purpose to be hereinafterdescribed.

The link 27 isprovided with the rollers 29 and 30, the former of saidrollers working in conjunction with the cam -26 and the latter roller inconjunction with the cam 28 and as vbest seen in Fig. 4.

31 designates a mutilated gear-wheel firmly secured to the shaft 2 andmeshing with a p-inion 32, firmly secured to the shaft 33, which latteris j'ournaled in the frame 1 of the 4machine, it being noted thatthe-rotation of l Figs. 2, 3, and 4, it being noted that said arms arefirmly secured R) the shaft 10A and that the reciprocating motion of theeccentric-rods 35 Willi-mpart an oscillating motion to said l arms,which latter will then impart a rocking motion tothe shaft 10.

38 designates an arm firmly secured to the shaft 10, (see Figs. l, 2, 3,and 6,) said arm having pivotally connected thereto one end of a link39, the other end of said link being pivotally attached to a slidin gblock 40,

guided in ways 4l in the oscillating frame 9 and provided with theupsetting -punch 17 and finishing-punch 42.

43 designates a frame provided with radial arms 44, Whose outer ends areprovided with Ways 45, (see more particularly Figs. 1, 2, and 5,) ineach of which is guided a sliding cam 46, which has connected therewithone end of one of the eccentric-rods 24, it being noted that therotation of the eccentrics 18 and 19 will impart, through their rods 24,a reciprocating motion to their respective cams 46.

The cams 46 are each provided with grooves 47, (best seen in Figs. 2 and5,) and in each of said grooves plays a roller 48, journaled in the sideot' a slide 49, which is guidedin ways 50 in the frame 43, it beingnoted that the slides 49 are in the present instance four in number, or,in other words, one slide 49 to each ar-m 44.

The slides 49 are each provided with a boss 51, in which is fitted abolt 52, against which abuts the outer extremity 53 of a hammer54, itbeing apparent that the pressure against a hammer 54 due to the blowsdelivered by the same to the sides 55 of the head of abolt will beresisted by said bolts 52, and the displacement of a hammer 54 whenstriking a blow will be prevented.

The bolts 52 may be held in adj usted position 'by set-screws 56. (Seemore particularly Fig.

The hammers 54 may be adjusted longitudinally, so as to compensate for.the wear thereof, by means of the slots 57 in the slides 49 and thebolts 58, (see Fig. 5,) it being noted that the bolts 58 assist inholding the hammers 54 in position in the slides 49, the latter beingretained in position in the arms 44 bythe plates 59. (See Figs. 1, 2,and 5.)

60 designates a carriage adapted to slide to "and fro in the frame 1 ofthe machine, so as to feed a bolt-blank 1l to the upsetting and thefinishing punches 17 and 42, respectively, in order that the two lattermay operate upon .a blank 1l, yso as to form a head, as at b in Fig. 19.

The carriage 60 has pivotally connected thereto one end of a link 61,Whose opposite end is pivotally connected to the free end of an arm 62,firmly secured to a shaft 63, journaled in the frame 1 of the machine.

(See Figs. 1 and 3.)

The shaft 63 has firmly secured thereto a lever 64, adapted to beengaged by the hook 66 of the link 27, so that the reciprocatory motionsimparted to said link 27 by the cams 26 and 28 will impart anoscillating motion to said lever 64, which in turn will rock the 1 shaft63, so that the latter may im part an oscillating motion to the arm 62in order that `said arm may, through the medium of the link 61, impart areciprocating motion to the carriage 60, for the purpose hereinbeforedescribed.

. The carriage 60 is provided with ways 67,

in which are guided the sliding jaws 68, which IOO IIC

are adapted to take hold of a bolt-blank 11 and retain the same tirmlyin position while ahead is being formed thereon by the punches 17 and 42and hammers 54. Each jaw 68 has pivotally connectedY thereto one end ofthe member 69 ot" a toggle-lever. (See more particularly Fig. 4.)

One end of the member 70 of each togglelever is pivotally connected, asat 71, to the frame 1 of the machine.

The joint 72 of each toggle-lever has abutting against it a lug 73,adapted to assist the members 69 and 70 of said toggle-lever tostraighten out relatively to each other when the carriage is moving inthe direction indicated by the arrow c in Figs. 3, 4, and 6.

74 designates a stem (best seen in Figs. 9 and 10) depending from thejoint 72 of each toggle-lever, said stem 74 moving freely in a slot 75in the carriage 60 and for a purpose to be hereinafter described.

The carriage G0 is provided with a holding device 76 for a pair of tongs77, which latter are employed to supply holt-blanks 11 to the machine,said holding device being adapted to slide in the carriage 60 in orderto be brought nearer to or farther from the jaws 68, according to thelength oi a bolt-blank 11. The adj ustment of the holding device 76 iseffected by rotating the screw-threaded rod 78.

The carriage 60 is provided with a screw 79, which limits the movementof the same in the direction indicated by the arrows c, and when saidcarriage 60 is moved to and fro byhand instead of by the mechanismhcreinbefore described, it being apparent that the lever 64, if operatedby hand, might at times be oscillated too far in the direction indicatedby the arrow d in Fig. 3 it it were not for the screw 79 and a stud 80,against which the end of said screw abuts.

The end portions 81 of the tongs 77 are held in position in the holdingdevice 76 by springjaws 82, (see Figs. 3, 4, 6, and 11,) it beingapparent that when said end portions 8l are moved in the directionindicated by the arrow c in Fig. 11 they separate the jaws 82 whenpassing between the same, and when said endA portions 81 reach the openspace 83 said springjaws 82 immediately close or return to their normalpositions and retain the handle of the tongs 77 within the holdingdevice 76 and also prevent said handles from opening.

The holding device 76 is provided with a recess 84, adapted to receivethe portion 85 of the tongs 77, so as to assist the spring'jaws 82 inretaining said tongs 77 firmly in position within the holding device 76.

The width of the recess 84 may be adjusted relatively to the size of apair of tongs by rotating the screws 86. (See Fig. 4.)

The operation is as follows: The machine is started and a heatedbolt-blank 11, held in the tongs 77, is placed in the holding device 76,as best seen in Figs. 4 and 6. )Vlien the groove 84 in each of the cams5 is in the position seen in Fig. 3, the oscillating frame 9 will be inthe position seen in said Fig. 3.

Vhen the cams 5 have rotated sufficiently to upsetting-punch 17 toproduce the upset-head 15. (Seen in Fig. 18.) The cam 26is so timedrelatively to the cams 5 that the former of these will cause thecarriage 60 to move in the direction indicated by the arrows c and alittle in advance ofthe movement of the frame 9, so that a blank 11 maybe brought in the position seen in Fig. 6, so as to be operated upon bythe upsetting-punch 17 in order to produce the head or upset portion 15.(Seen in Figs. 6 and 18.) The cams 5 in rotating will at a certain timepresent the portions 84X of the grooves 84 to the rollers 85 on the arms7 and 8 and cause the latter, and consequently the frame 9, to oscillatein the direction indicated by the arrow f in Fig. 6 and so return saidframe 9 to the position seen in Fig. 3. The projection 86 of the cam 12is so timed relatively to the movement of the frame 9 in the directionindicated by the arrow fthat said projection 86 is brought in contactwith a roller 87, journaled in the sliding rod 13,and causes the latterto slide in the present instance from right to left, so as to force theupset portion 15 of a bolt-blank 11 out of thel cavity 16 in theupsetting-punch 17, thereby removing any possibility of said upsetportion 15 sticking in the cavity 16, which would, as is evident, seversaid portion 15 from the shank of a bolt-blank 11 when the frame 9 ismoving in the direction indicated by the arrow f in Fig. 6. The slidingrod 13 is returned to its normal position by a spring 13X. (See Figs. 3and 6.) NVhen the portions 84 of the grooves 84 are in 4contact with therollers 85, and the frame 9 consequently in the position seen in Fig. 3,the teeth ot' the mutilated gearwheel 31 engage certain of the teeth ofthe mutilated pinion 32 and impart half a revolution to said pinion, andconsequently to the eccentrics 34, which latter exert a pull upon theirrods 35, thereby causing the shaft 10 to rock, and thus raise thesliding block 40, so as to bring the finishing-punch 42 in alinementwith the upset portion 15 of a boltblank 11, so that saidfinishing-punch 42 may operate upon the portion 15 and complete,with theassistance of the hammers 54, the formation ot' the head b. (Seen inFig.19.) It will be seen on referring to Fig. 16 that the portion g of acam 5 is setback a short distance from the portion 7L and that thelatter is set back a trilie from the portion j, so that when saidportion g is brought in contact with the roller 85 it will cause theframe 9 to move in a direction opposite to that indicated by the arrow fin Fig. 6, and thereby cause the finishing-punch 42 to strike the upsetportion 15 and produce the result seen at 7c in Fig. 20. When theportion 7L is brought in contact with the roller 85, the finishing-punch42 will be caused to somewhat 'flatten the head of a bolt, thereby IOOIIO

' thus liattening the head of a bolt by degrees,

. of a bolt.

caused to still further flatten the head of a bolt and produce theresult seen atm in Fig. 20,' it being apparent that by deliveringseveral blows. with the finishing-punch 42, and

better results are obtained than if the process of vflattening were donewith one blow, since in the latter case a greater pressure would beexerted at a given time on the shank The dwell. 26 of the cam 26y is ofsufficient length to retain the carriage 60 in the position seen in Fig.3 during the operation of the punches 17 and 42.. When a cam is in theposition seen in Fig. 8, the. inwardly-extending portions 85X of thegrooves 84 wilt cause the frame 9 to oscillate in the directionindicated by the arrow in Fig. 6,

'and thereby cause the punches 17 and 42 to move ina similar direction,so as to be removed from the path of the hammers 54 in order to permitthe latter to strike the sides of the head of a bolt without touchingsaid punches.v The eccentrics 18 and 19 are so timed relatively toinwardly-extending portions 85X of the grooves 84th-at the projectingportions 47 X of the sliding cams 46 (see Fig. 5) cause the hammers 54to strike the sides of the head of a bolt when the rollers 85 occnpy oneor the other of said inwardly-extending portions Sx. When the head of atilated gear-wheel 3l engage certain of the teeth of the mutilatedpinion 32 and impart half a revolution to said pinion, and consc-vquently tothe eccentrics 34, whieh'latter eX- ert a push upon their rods35 and rock the shaft l0, so as to cause the sliding block` 40 to lowerin order to again brin-g the upsettingpunch 17 in alinement with asubsequent' bolt-blank 11 to be operated upon as hereinbesov foredescribed. When a bolt-he-ad has been completed, the cam 28 is broughtin contact with the roller 30, and thereby causes the carriage 60 tomove in a direction opposite to that. indicated by the arrows c inFigs.'3, 4, and 6. When the carriage 60 is moving in a directionopposite to that indicated by the ar- .rows c,I the jaws 68 will becaused to move away from each other, owing to the togglelevers connectedtherewith and to the frame 1 of the machine, it being apparent that theopening of said jaws will release their hold on the shank of a Vbolt andpermit the same to drop through the space 67X in. the carriage 60 (seeFig. 10) and fall into a receptacle of any suitable description. Whenthc carriage 60 is moving in the direction just described, the walls'75X of the slots 75 (against which the stems 74 abut when said carriageis in bers 69- and 70 of the toggle-levers to return to their normalpositions. When the jaws 68 have taken hold of a bolt-blank 11, the

c ton-gsy 77 may be removed from the machine in order to grip and supplythe machine with a subsequent blank 11.

It will be evident that, if desired, the sliding cams 46 may cach beformed with' more than one projection 47X.4

It is to be noted with reference to Fig. 6 that the members 69 and 7 0of one of the toggle-levers are 'in the same relative position as seenin Fig. 4. This is done for the purpose of clearness of illustration ofcertain of the parts of the toggle-leverk which would otherwise beinvisible wereA said togglelever shown in its actual position when thecarriage machine and having their heads upset and4 shaped by the novelmanner and means described will be much stronger at the point where thehead joins the shank of the bolt, as will be understood from Figs. 18and 19, and that the injurious cracks or weakening which ordinarilyoccurs in machine-made bolts at the point where the head joins the shankwill be entirely'absent in bolts conj structed as hereinabove described.bolt has beencompleted, the teeth of the mu- Having thus described myinventiomwhat l claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a machine for making bolts, a sliding carriage, a frame pivotallylsupported and adapted to rock toward and away from said carriage,movable punches carried by said frame, hammers suitably supported, meansL for actuating said carriage, punches and hammers and means forremoving a bolt-head from one of said punches. Y

2. In a machine of the character named, a main shaft, an oscillatingframe, an upsetting 3. In a machine of the character described, thecombination of a sliding carriage, a main s shaft, an oscillatory frame,connections common to said frame and shaft, a stationary frame havingradial arms, cams'supported in said arms, hammers actuated by said cams,an upsetting-punch, a finishing-punch mountyed on said oscillatoryframe, and means for removing a bolt-head from said upsettingipunch. theposition seen in Fig. 6) assist the mem- 4. In a machine of thecharacter named, a

i sliding carriage having stops therefor, a main shaft, means foroperating said carriage man- L nal-ly or by connections from said mainshaft, a holding device carried by said carriage and IOO IIO

provided With spring-jaws, said jaws being adapted to retain in positionthe ends of the tongs for holding the bolt-blank.

5. In a machine of the character named, a main shaft having cams mountedthereon, a frame pivotallysupported, connections common to said frameand to said cams, a sliding block carried by said frame, anupsettingpunch and a finishing-punch carried by said sliding block, astationary frame provided with radial arms, hammersactuated by camslocated in said arms and means operated from the main shaft for removinga bolt-head from said upsetting-punch.

G. In a machine of the character named, a sliding carriage, means forgripping a boltblank carried thereby, an oscillatory frame carrying anupsetting-punch and a finishingpunch, and a stationary frame providedwith radial arms, and cams in said arms, said cams operating hammers, incombination With a device passing through the upsetting-punch andadapted to insure the removal of the bolt head therefrom.

7. In a machine of the character named, a main shaft, carrying cams 5and (3, an oscillatory frame, connections common to said frame and cams,eccentrics mounted on said mainshaft, a stationary frame having radialarms, cams movable in the extremities of said arms, connections com monto said eccentrics and cams for reciprocating the latter, a second shaftlocated in proximity to the main shaft and provided with eccentrics,connecting-rods leading from said eccentrics to devices for operating asliding block carried in said movable frame, an upsetting-punch andfinishing-punch carried by said block, a rod passing through saidupsetting-punch and actuated by means carried on said main shaft,said'rod being adapted to assist the removal of the bolt-head from theupsetting-punch, a sliding carriage and connections common to said mainshaft and carriage for operating the latter.

8. In a machine of the character named, a main shaft, a stationary framehaving diagonal arms, cams reciprocating in the ends of said arms,slides operated by said cams, hammers operated by said slides,eccentrics mounted on the main shaft, rods having one of their endsattached to said cams, and their other ends provided with sphericalheads adapted to engage suitable seats in the eccentric-straps mountedon said eccentrics.

9. In a machine of the character named, an oscillating frame, a slidingblock carried thereby, said block having secured thereto anupsetting-punch and a linishing-punch,a sliding carriage, means forgripping a bolt-blank thereon, means for moving said carriage forward atthe proper periods, so as to enable the bolt-blank to meet theupsetting-punch and the iinishing-p unclnhammers for shaping said boltand means for operating said hammers.

10. In a machine of the character named, a

main shaft carrying cams 5, 6 26, 28 and 12 thereupon, eccentrics alsocarried by said main shaft, a sliding carriage, means for actuating saidsliding carriage from the eccentrics 2G and 2S, an oscillatory frame,means for actuating said frames from the cams 5 and G, a sliding blockcarried in said frame, an upsetting-punch and a finishing-punch carriedby said block, means operated by said cam l2 for removing the head of abolt-blank from the upsetting-punch, means carried by the slidingcarriage for gripping the bolt-blank and hammers operated by suitablecams.

11. In a machine of the characterna-med, an oscillatory frame, a slidingblock therein, an upsetting-punch and a finishing-punch, carried by saidblock, a main shaft having cams mounted thereon, said cams beingprovided with the portions g, h, j and the recesses 84, 84X and 85X foractuating said finishing-punch, a sliding carriage, means carriedthereby for gri ppin ga bolt-blau k and m eans 'for actuating saidcarriage.

12. In a machine of the character named, a stationary frame, providedwith diagonal arms, cams mounted in the extremities of each of saidarms, slides actuated by said cams, hammers actuated by said slides,means for gripping a bolt-blank during the action of said hammersthereon, a main shaft carrying an eccentric, rods having their endspivoted to said cams, the opposite ends of said rods being spherical, aneccentric-strap carried by said eccentric, caps on said eccentrics andrecesses intermediate said eccentrics and caps, the spherical ends ofsaid rods being seated in said recesses.

13. In a machine of the character named, jaws adapted to grip abolt-blank, an oscillatory frame having a sliding block carried thereby,an upsetting-punch and a finishingpunch carried by said block, a rodpassing through said upsetting-punch and adapted to force the bolt-headtherefrom at tle proper intervals, hammers suitably supported andadapted to shape the sides of the bolt-head, and means for operatingsaid hammers.

14. In a machine of the character named, a sliding carriage, a framepivotally supported and adapted to rock toward and away from saidcarriage, movable punches carried by said frame, hammers suitablysupported and means for actuating said carriage, punches and hammers.

15. In a machine of the character nalned, a sliding carriage, a framepivotally supported and adapted to rock toward and away from saidcarriage, movable punches carried by said frame, hammers suitablysupported, means for actuating said punches and hammers, and means foroperating said carriage manually or mechanically.

IVILLIAM WV. IIUBBARD, JR.

Witnesses:

JOHN A. WIEDERSHEIM, WM. C. WIEDERSHEIM.

IOO

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